public_comment: "Ethnologue (2013) lists 4 languages in its Mapoyo-Yavarana subgroup of Cariban: Mapoyo [mcg] , Pémono [pev], Tamanaku [tmz], Yabarana [yar]. Other sources differ by considering some of these to be dialects of Mapoyo-Yawarana. Gildea (personal communication 2014) reports that until we get some more reliable data, it appears that there are/were three languages: †Tamanaku, Mapoyo (ethnonym Wanai, dialect †Pémono), and Yawarana (with alternate names Orechicano, Curachicano, Woquiare). (See also Gildea 2013.) Tamanaku is long extinct, with no attested speakers for at least a century, and therefore does not have an entry of its only in this Catalogue. Mapoyo and Yawarana are generally considered separate languages, each with its own entry in this Catalogue. However, there were just some old wordlists for Yawarana and almost nothing for Mapoyo. Marie-Claude Mattéi Muller went to the Mapoyo area in the 1970s and collected some data, from which she extracted a Mapoyo wordlist (Mattéi Muller1977a, 1977b). Mattéi-Muller and Henley (1990) published Mattéi-Muller’s comparative wordlists, comparing her Mapoyo data to the published Yawarana words; they found 80% cognacy between the two and suggested maybe they were dialects of a single language. In 1998, Mattéi-Muller did fieldwork with the Yawarana, where she played a 1970s tape of Mapoyo speakers, and the Yawarana speakers (i) had difficulty understanding, but recognized Mapoyo as very closely related, and (ii) recognized the manner of speech as that of an old woman living in an isolated village far upstream. She went to this old speaker, who turned out to be the last speaker of Pémono, which seems to have been a dialect of Mapoyo (Mattéi Muller 2003).",
private_comment: null,
source_id:89800,
speakers: [
{
id:2255,
code_id:1649,
speaker_number: "10-99",
speaker_number_text: "35",
second_language_speakers: "",
semi_speakers: "",
children: "",
young_adults: "",
older_adults: "",
elders: "",
ethnic_population: "",
date_of_info: "",
public_comment: "Speaker number data: (E. Migliazza 1977).
20 (1977 E. Migliazza); ethnic population: 320 (Crevels 2007) (2013).",
private_comment: null,
source_id:1511,
preferred: 0,
},
{
id:2256,
code_id:1649,
speaker_number: "100-999",
speaker_number_text: "300",
second_language_speakers: null,
semi_speakers: null,
children: null,
young_adults: null,
older_adults: null,
elders: null,
ethnic_population: null,
date_of_info: null,
public_comment: null,
private_comment: null,
source_id:1521,
preferred: 0,
},
{
id:2257,
code_id:1649,
speaker_number: "1-9",
speaker_number_text: "5",
second_language_speakers: null,
semi_speakers: null,
children: null,
young_adults: null,
older_adults: null,
elders: null,
ethnic_population: null,
date_of_info: null,
public_comment: null,
private_comment: null,
source_id:1881,
preferred: 0,
},
{
id:2258,
code_id:1649,
speaker_number: null,
speaker_number_text: "Not known",
second_language_speakers: null,
semi_speakers: null,
children: null,
young_adults: null,
older_adults: null,
elders: null,
ethnic_population: null,
date_of_info: null,
public_comment: null,
private_comment: null,
source_id:7831,
preferred: 0,
},
{
id:9907,
code_id:1649,
speaker_number: "100-999",
speaker_number_text: "151",
second_language_speakers: "",
semi_speakers: "",
children: "",
young_adults: "",
older_adults: "",
elders: "",
ethnic_population: "292",
date_of_info: "2001",
public_comment: "",
private_comment: null,
source_id:87998,
preferred: 0,
},
{
id:30329,
code_id:1649,
speaker_number: "10-99",
speaker_number_text: "25?",
second_language_speakers: "",
semi_speakers: "",
children: "",
young_adults: "",
older_adults: "",
elders: "",
ethnic_population: "",
date_of_info: "",
public_comment: ""Nobody knows how many Yawarana speakers there are: Migliazza (1980) said 42, Mattéi Muller (2003) said about 50, and the latest census (2011) shows that, of the 300 who identified as ethnic Yawarana, about half (150) also designated themselves as speakers. Of course, what this designation means to these "speakers" is not known. I would guess we have less than 50, and perhaps less than 25 fluent speakers. Mattéi-Muller knows one couple who still uses the language every day in their home, so there is still a chance that we could do some real documentation if someone moves fast."",
private_comment: null,
source_id:98406,
preferred:1,
},
],
language: {
code_id:1649,
featured: 0,
cached_documentation_score:-1,
google_group_url: "",
simplified_level: "high",
coordinates: "5.3863,-66.0058",
updated_at: "2018-03-18 01:01:12",
speaker_attitude: "",
government_support: "",
institutional_support: "",
_other_languages_used: "Spanish",
domains_of_use: "Used mainly only in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members.",