6199 (Sumo)

{

id: 6199,
code_val: "sum, yan, ulw",
code_authorities: "ISO 639-3",
primary_name: "Sumo",
alternate_names: "Sumo-Mayangna, Sumu, Ulwa, Ulua, Ulúa, Woolwa, Mayangna",
lang_description: "",
classification: "Misumalpan",
dialect_varieties: "Mayangna (Northern Sumo), Ulwa (Southern Sumo), Panamahka (Panamaca), Nicaraguan Tawahka (Tuahka, Taguasca), Bawihka, Kukra. ",
public_comment: "Some scholars believe there is only a single Sumo [Sum] language; others hold that there are two separate languages; Mayangna [yan] and Ulwa [ulw].",
private_comment: null,
source_id: 89800,
speakers: [
- {
  - id: 11966,
  - code_id: 6199,
  - speaker_number: "1000-9999",
  - speaker_number_text: "7,400",
  - second_language_speakers: "",
  - semi_speakers: "",
  - children: "",
  - young_adults: "",
  - older_adults: "",
  - elders: "",
  - ethnic_population: "",
  - date_of_info: "1982",
  - public_comment: "In Honduras: 700 speakers, ethnic population 800-1,000. In Nicaragua: 6,700 speakers. Ethnologue (2009) had only a single Sumo [Sum] language; Ethnologue (2013) has separated these into two separate languages: Mayangna [yan]: 8,000 in Nicaragua (Adelaar 2007). Population total all countries: 8,700. Ethnic population: 9,760 (2005 census). Ulwa [ulw]: 350 (2009 J. Mejia).",
  - private_comment: null,
  - source_id: 1511,
  - preferred: 0,
  },
- {
  - id: 11967,
  - code_id: 6199,
  - speaker_number: "1000-9999",
  - speaker_number_text: "7,000?",
  - second_language_speakers: null,
  - semi_speakers: null,
  - children: null,
  - young_adults: null,
  - older_adults: null,
  - elders: null,
  - ethnic_population: null,
  - date_of_info: null,
  - public_comment: "Hale and Salamanca (2001) distinguish varieties of Sumu: northern Mayangna, with the Twahka and Panamahka dialects, and southern Ulwa, finding the two (northern and southern) sufficiently different to be considered distinct languages.",
  - private_comment: null,
  - source_id: 88787,
  - preferred: 0,
  },
- {
  - id: 14075,
  - code_id: 6199,
  - speaker_number: null,
  - speaker_number_text: null,
  - second_language_speakers: null,
  - semi_speakers: null,
  - children: null,
  - young_adults: null,
  - older_adults: null,
  - elders: null,
  - ethnic_population: null,
  - date_of_info: null,
  - public_comment: null,
  - private_comment: null,
  - source_id: 102,
  - preferred: 0,
  },
- {
  - id: 30279,
  - code_id: 6199,
  - speaker_number: "1000-9999",
  - speaker_number_text: "~10,000",
  - second_language_speakers: "",
  - semi_speakers: "",
  - children: "",
  - young_adults: "",
  - older_adults: "",
  - elders: "",
  - ethnic_population: "",
  - date_of_info: "",
  - public_comment: "",
  - private_comment: null,
  - source_id: 98382,
  - preferred: 1,
  },
],
language: {
- code_id: 6199,
- featured: 0,
- cached_documentation_score: -1,
- google_group_url: "",
- simplified_level: "mid",
- coordinates: "13.0,-84.5",
- updated_at: "2018-03-29 15:29:56",
- speaker_attitude: "",
- government_support: "",
- institutional_support: "",
- _other_languages_used: "",
- domains_of_use: null,
- speakers_worldwide: "~10,000",
- second_language_speakers: null,
- semi_speakers: "",
- children: "",
- young_adults: "",
- older_adults: "",
- elders: "",
- ethnic_population: "",
- speakers_worldwide_year: "",
- bibliography_of_vitality: "",
- bibliography_of_context: "98382",
- bibliography_of_locations: "102",
- user_submission: null,
- approved: 1,
- speakers_int_cache: 10000,
- has_audio_samples: 0,
- has_document_samples: 0,
- has_image_samples: 0,
- has_guide_samples: 4,
- has_video_samples: 0,
- search_simplified_level: "T",
- user_id: 1,
- code_val_cache: "sum",
- has_link_samples: 0,
- submission_source_info: null,
- countries: [
  - {
    - id: 28,
    - name: "Honduras",
    - pivot: {
      - language_id: 6199,
      - country_id: 28,
      },
    },
  - {
    - id: 39,
    - name: "Nicaragua",
    - pivot: {
      - language_id: 6199,
      - country_id: 39,
      },
    },
  ],
},

}