781 (Tshwa)

{

id: 781,
code_val: "hio",
code_authorities: "ISO 639-3",
primary_name: "Tshwa",
alternate_names: "Cuaa; Hiechware; Chware; Tsoa; Sarwa; Sesarwa; Haitshuari; Hietshware; Hiotshuwau; Hiochuwau; Tshuwau; Chuwau; Gabake-Ntshori; G||abake; Masarwa; Tati; Tati Bushman; Kwe-Etshori Kwee; Kwe; Kwe-Tshori; Haitshuwau; G//abake; Kwee; Tshoa; Cire-cire;",
lang_description: "",
classification: "Khoe; Kalahari",
dialect_varieties: "Tsua; Kua; Cua",
public_comment: "Tshwa and Shua [shg] form a dialect cluster.",
private_comment: null,
source_id: null,
language: {
- code_id: 781,
- featured: 0,
- cached_documentation_score: -1,
- google_group_url: "",
- simplified_level: "mid",
- coordinates: "-22.603869, 26.828613",
- updated_at: "2018-03-28 16:53:15",
- speaker_attitude: null,
- government_support: null,
- institutional_support: null,
- _other_languages_used: null,
- domains_of_use: null,
- speakers_worldwide: "4,100 (Shua and Tshwa combined)",
- second_language_speakers: null,
- semi_speakers: null,
- children: null,
- young_adults: null,
- older_adults: null,
- elders: null,
- ethnic_population: null,
- speakers_worldwide_year: null,
- bibliography_of_vitality: "",
- bibliography_of_context: "90380",
- bibliography_of_locations: "90380",
- user_submission: null,
- approved: 1,
- speakers_int_cache: 5499,
- has_audio_samples: 0,
- has_document_samples: 0,
- has_image_samples: 0,
- has_guide_samples: 0,
- has_video_samples: 0,
- search_simplified_level: "T",
- user_id: 1,
- code_val_cache: "hio",
- has_link_samples: 1,
- submission_source_info: null,
- countries: [
  - {
    - id: 146,
    - name: "Botswana",
    },
  - {
    - id: 175,
    - name: "Zimbabwe",
    },
  ],
},
speakers: [
- {
  - id: 621,
  - code_id: 781,
  - speaker_number: "1000-9999",
  - speaker_number_text: "6,540",
  - second_language_speakers: null,
  - semi_speakers: null,
  - children: null,
  - young_adults: null,
  - older_adults: null,
  - elders: null,
  - ethnic_population: null,
  - date_of_info: null,
  - public_comment: "3,000 in Botswana (2006).",
  - private_comment: null,
  - source_id: 1511,
  - preferred: 0,
  },
- {
  - id: 17682,
  - code_id: 781,
  - speaker_number: "1000-9999",
  - speaker_number_text: "4,100 (Shua and Tshwa combined)",
  - second_language_speakers: null,
  - semi_speakers: null,
  - children: null,
  - young_adults: null,
  - older_adults: null,
  - elders: null,
  - ethnic_population: null,
  - date_of_info: null,
  - public_comment: ""The figures underlying the map on Shua-Tshwa are based on surveys conducted in 2008 by Andy Chebanne (p.c.). According to his observations, many of the Shua-Tshwa people have abandoned their language. While older sources still assume 15000 - 20000 speakers (Anderson & Janson 1997:138) for this dialect cluster, Chebanne (Chebanne, p.c.) counted 4100 only."",
  - private_comment: null,
  - source_id: 90380,
  - preferred: 1,
  },
- {
  - id: 24615,
  - code_id: 781,
  - speaker_number: null,
  - speaker_number_text: null,
  - second_language_speakers: null,
  - semi_speakers: null,
  - children: null,
  - young_adults: null,
  - older_adults: null,
  - elders: null,
  - ethnic_population: null,
  - date_of_info: "1998-1999",
  - public_comment: null,
  - private_comment: null,
  - source_id: 3374,
  - preferred: 0,
  },
],

}